madam or madame? | Use MADAM: " as a polite term of respect: Can I help you, madam? " in letter writing: Dear Madam (note capital letter) " as a formal title of respect: Thank you, Madam Speaker (note capital letter) Use MADAME as the French equivalent: " We are going to Madame Tussaud’s. " The famous French physicist, Madame Curie, was born in Poland. |
may or might? | (i) Use may/might in a present context and might in a past context: If I receive a written invitation, I MAY/MIGHT accept. (still possible) If I had received a written invitation, I MIGHT HAVE accepted. (possibility over now) If I don’t hurry, I MAY/MIGHT miss the bus. (possibility exists) If I hadn’t hurried, I MIGHT HAVE missed the bus. (risk now over) (ii) Convert ‘may’ to ‘might’ when changing direct speech to indirect or reported speech: ‘MAY I come in?’ she asked. She asked if she MIGHT come in. ‘You MAY be lucky,’ she said. She said that I MIGHT be lucky. (iii) There is a slight difference between the meaning of ‘may’ and ‘might’ in the present tense when they are used in the sense of ‘asking permission’: MAY I suggest that we adjourn the meeting? (agreement assured) MIGHT I suggest that we adjourn the meeting? (suggestion more tentative) |
militate or mitigate? | To MILITATE (against) comes from the Latin verb meaning ‘to serve as a soldier’ and it has the combative sense of having a powerful influence on something. Despite his excellent qualifications, his youthful criminal record MILITATED against his appointment as school bursar. To MITIGATE comes from the Latin adjective meaning ‘mild’ and it means to moderate, to make less severe. Don’t condemn the young man too harshly. There are MITIGATING circumstances. |
momentary or momentous? | MOMENTARY =lastingforonlya very short time MOMENTOUS = of great significance |
moping or mopping? | mope + ing = moping mop + ing = mopping |
moral or morale? | Use these exemplar sentences as a guide: Denise is guided by strong MORAL principles. My MORALE suffered badly when I failed my exams and I lost all faith in myself for years. |
mucous or mucus? | MUCOUS is an adjective, as in MUCOUS membrane. The name of the thick secretion of the mucous membrane is called MUCUS. |
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